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Castle of Vrsac

Snezana VECANSKI1 / Snezana JEJIC2 (1Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments Pancevo, Serbia / 2Republic Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments, Belgrade, Serbia) Outline:3D Laser Scanning as a Tool for Conservation The remains of the medieval fortification of the castle of Vrsac lie east from the city on a hill which dominates the Banat plains. When, after three hundred years, urban development at the foot of the hill began, life in the castle ceased to exist. According to Karlovac peace treaty in 1699, fortification in Vrsac was abandoned and largely demolished. Main tower is the only one almost completely preserved and over time has become a symbol of the city. Systematic archaeological excavations of this small, but compact hilltop fortification began in 1997 and lasted continuously until 2003. In 2007 laser scanning of archaeological sites and tower were carried out. Documentation obtained by laser scanning was used for preparing a project to revitalize the remains of the old castle. The tower should be adapted to become an Interactive Museum of the History of Vrsac with a Public Observatory on the roof terrace. The entire project is the result of a multidisciplinary research and synergy between different professions and technologies. The next step is a project to create an interactive museum setting which is based on 3D virtual reality, image-based rendering and other computing technologies. The apply laser scanning has a multidimensional significance: data gathered by laser scanning represent documentation of a present state of the object which preserves permanently it is possible to generate 3D model from the cloud of points it is possible to use 3D model in CAD for making of different projects: reconstruction, revitalization, simulation of former appearance, etc. Keywords: laser scanning, conservation, virtual...

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Four Techniques for Digital Recording and Modeling of Rock Art

Linea SUNDSTROM1 / Glen FREDLUND2 (1Day Star Research, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA / 2University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA) Outline: Digital cameras and new software allow a variety of recording techniques to be easily applied to field documentation of rock art sites. New software and digital imaging techniques enable archaeologists to make more exact records of rock art (petroglyphs and rock paintings) using basic, easily transported equipment: a digital camera, tripod, filters, and a movable flash unit or other light source. The resulting data can be used to create three-dimensional models, to detect faded pigments, and to simulate a range of lighting conditions. This poster illustrates four such techniques that can be easily applied to rock art documentation: infrared imaging, ultraviolet imaging, close-range photogrammetry, and reflectance transformation imaging (RTI), using examples of rock art from the Great Plains of North America. Ultraviolet and infrared imaging record pigments in the portions of the color spectrum not visible to the human eye; these techniques may allow the researcher to discern more clearly the appearance of painted rock art, depending on the chemical composition of the pigment. Close-range photogrammetry uses a series of overlapping photographs to create a three-dimensional model of a rock surface and any petroglyphs it contains. This allows researchers to more clearly distinguish human-made incisions or indentations from natural irregularities in the rock surface. It also allows site managers to generate an exact plastic replica of the form of the rock surface and petroglyphs. Reflectance transformation imagining uses a series of photographs taken with a flash held at a variety of angles to generate a model of continuous shifts in light angle and intensity. This allows the researcher to choose the best angle of light for visibility of petroglyphs. Keywords: digital recording, photogrammetry, 3D modeling, rock art, infrared/ultraviolet...

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Integration of neutron image methods for the ANCIENT CHARM Project

Ralf SCHULZE1 / Petra KUDEJOVA2 / Lea CANELLA2 / Martin EBERT3 / Thomas MATERNA4 / Jan JOLIE1 / Tamas BELGYA5 / László SZENTMIKLÓSI5 / Zoltan KIS5 / Enrico PERELLI CIPPO6 / Winfried KOCKELMANN7 / Erik SCHOONEVELD7 / Peter SCHILLEBEECKX8 / ANCIENT CHARM COLLABORATION (1Institute for Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, Germany / 2Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany / 3Research Center Julich, Germany / 4Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France / 5Institute of Isotopes, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary / 6Dipartimento di Fisica ‘Giuseppe Occhialini’, Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy / 7ISIS Neutron Spallation Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, United Kingdom / 8EC-Joint Research Centre, Geel, Belgium) Outline: the special message of the poster: The integration of several novel methods for non-destructive 3D elemental analysis of cultural heritage objects will be presented. Several new element sensitive neutron-based imaging methods, like e.g. Prompt-Gamma Activation Imaging (PGAI), a method based on the detection of prompt-gamma radiation emitted during the irradiation with cold neutrons, and Neutron Resonance Transmission (NRT), based on the position sensitive detection of transmission spectra of epithermal neutrons, have been developed in the frame of the European ANCIENT CHARM Project. They were tested on replica test objects and on real objects of archaeological interest. Because these methods utilize neutrons of different energy ranges the acquired data-sets originate from different setups which do not share a common laboratory coordinate system. Therefore procedures and tools had to be developed to align these data-sets in space to be able to present the gained information contents in a consistent way. The measurements were completed with the well-established cold Neutron Tomography (NT) method to obtain the inner morphological structure of the objects and to guide the positioning of the objects in the neutron beam. The combination of data from the new imaging methods with NT gives complete 3D information of the structure and elemental composition of the samples. NT may be used to correct for cold neutron attenuation effects, to be able to get semi-quantitative results. The tools and methods used for the alignment as well as the results obtained from the measurements will be presented. Keywords: Prompt Gamma Activation Imaging /Ancient Charm...

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Long term conservation of digital archaeological data

Jan SCHULTZE / Ingrid BECKMANN / Holger TÜRK (Fakultät für Informatik, TU Dortmund, Germany) Outline: Only the use of standardized technologies and well known data models can ensure long term conservation of digital archaeological data. The ArcheoInf project aims at providing long term conservation and accessibility of digital archaeological data. We are dealing especially with raw data about finds. Currently non-standardized commercial software like Paradox, Access or Filemaker is used in combination with self-made data models. This causes two problems: Foremost, vendors of databases can discontinue their support or even cease to exist, thus they cannot guarantee long term data accessibility. Hence, after a while it might prove difficult to access the data in these non-standardized files. Additionally, documentation of the self-made data models is almost always neglected and, in the long run, personnel fluctuations make it difficult to ask the creator of the schema about its semantics. The most promising strategy to ensure long term data accessibility is twofold. Firstly, it consists of using standardized technologies such as SQL and RDF. Secondly, it encompasses using well known ontologies such as CIDOC CRM. This approach is suitable for newly created databases, but what about existing legacy databases? ArcheoInf converts data: Partly automated migration of legacy databases to SQL databases. Manual mapping of legacy data schemata to a model based on CIDOC CRM. Creation of a user interface for combined access to all databases, which displays the spatial distribution of archaeological finds. Creation and integration of a thesaurus of common vocabulary as a digital “Rosetta Stone”. ArcheoInf conserves data: The university libraries of Bochum and Dortmund will provide the service infrastructure to ensure data accessibility in the long run. This reflects the insight of modern library sciences that information has to be conserved not only on paper, but also in electronic form. This research was partially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft as part of DFG-Forschungsprojekt “ArcheoInf” (0421011010). Keywords: long term conservation, legacy database migration, open standards, thesaurus,...

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Intercultural Reconciliation through the Museum and Archives Enterprising: Samara Experience of Cultural Projecting

Artyom SCHERBAKOV / Elena GLADUN / Anna BOROVLYOVA / Oksana VOLOSTNIKOVA (Samara Institute – Higher School of Privatization and Enterprise, Samara, Russia) The aim of this presentation is to demonstrate the abilities of young people in multicultural and archiving activities of the peace museum through mechanisms of citizen diplomacy and project activity. One of the most important platforms of intercultural communication and interpenetration of the cultural experience of the past and the present is a peace museum. In the space of museum the past becomes the present and the present starts to serve the future. The artifacts of world heritage on account of its visual esthetics are very attractive and receptive by the young people. The samples of intercultural reconciliation in culture, assembled in the museum, not only preserve and express the priceless experience of the previous generations in overcoming violence and wars, but also unite generations and make peace the most esthetically completed sphere of human activity. Peace is always up-to-date, but the present is not always in peace. Therefore it’s so important to archiving an instructive experience of the past for theory and practice of current multicultural integration. Peacemaking is always communicative process, movement towards the new, decent and balanced development. Uniting the world through world heritage, historical knowledge, youth not only acquires a joy of life and professional experience, but also paves the way to its future and contributes to the sustainable development of the...

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Web based Applications for the Promotion and Dissemination of Cultural Heritage Sites and Monuments

A. SARRIS / E. PERAKI / P. SEFEROU / L. KOKKINAKI / S. THEODOROPOULOS / G. PAPADAKIS / A. GIANAKIDIS / A. KIDONAKIS (Laboratory of Geophysical-Satellite Remote Sensing & Archaeo-environment, IMS-FORTH Rethymnon, Greece) In the last few years the Laboratory of Geophysical – Satellite Remote Sensing and Archaeo-environment of the Institute for Mediterranean Studies – FORTH has undertaken the compilation of a number of Web based applications for the promotion and dissemination of cultural heritage sites and monuments. The particular projects integrate a number of modules that make the corresponding web sites attractive not only to the tourists and the wider public, but also to researchers and academics that are using them for educational and research purposes. The web applications are accompanied by archaeological data bases, ethnographic data, dynamic GIS maps (containing information on both archaeological sites and natural resources), photo and video galleries, visualization panoramas and 3D reconstruction models, deviating considerably from the usual tourist or other static archaeological portals, since they can provide contextual information, geographical data and multimedia that can be used from a wide variety of users. The registered sites and monuments are not limited to the most significant places, but they include sites from both excavations and surveys, monuments that are either restored or even badly conserved and a number of information that can be used for the further study of the monuments. Emphasis has been given to the recording of the sites and not to the details of the monuments they contain, in an effort to capture the geographic distribution of sites and the way of perception of space in the past. Video interviews from specialists dealing with interdisciplinary research in the domain of archaeology in Crete provide their own perspectives regarding the theoretical and practical issues of their research. Furthermore, tourists are capable of arranging their own itinerary to visit sites of their own interest. The data can be used not only for cultural monuments dissemination purposes, but in many cases they can be also used for the better planning of restoration works and large scale construction plans. The above technologies suggest a norm that can be used to enhance the cultural...

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