Claire PICHARD
(URCA-GEGENAA, Reims, France)
Abstract: The study of the urban space requires to wonder about the evolution of the land-use. It integrates consequently the study of the “urban lands”. Among them, this presentation will concern more specifically the urban gardens: their form, place and organization in the urban space. From the 16th to the 19th century the city of Reims has a series of historical maps and views (with different scales and quality of realization) which allow us to reconstitute the townscape during these three centuries. For that purpose, these maps are integrated into a GIS to compare them with more facilities. The aim of this communication is to present a method to validate a mass georeferencing of ancient maps. It is also to present a way of using and of representing information, sometimes badly located or in variable geometries (in particular for the historical views), on a reference plan. While the urban space of Reims in the Middle age is considered as being stable, this study allows to understand in a different way his rhythms and modalities of evolution.
This poster presents a method of georeferencing based on control points previously validated. This requires a control of the topographic quality of the Napoleonic cadaster which serves as a plan of reference to the study of the preindustrial city. This communication also confronts two methods to localize areas of change in the land use and measure these evolutions. We will illustrate that, the variations in the morphology of the fragmented of Reims being weak, some documents can be confronted plots by plots and the others require to set up a reasoning by stitches.
Keywords: historical map and view, Reims, urban history, georeferencing, spatial analysis